References on Malagasy language and linguistics

Note that there is an Oxford website dedicated to Malagasy. 

The Malagasy language has some similarities with other Malayo-Polynesian languages spoken on Borneo.

A title which is highlighted is available for download in pdf format; clicking on it will automatically download the title onto your hard drive.

A collection of pointers to electronic handouts containing Malagasy data prepared  by Charles Randriamasimanana can be found here .

Aboh, Enoch Oladé. 2005. ‘Clause structure and word order in Kwa’. Unpublished paper given at the LOT winter school, 17-21 January 2005. University of Groningen. [Available at http://www.let.rug.nl/~zwart/lot/aboh1.pdf]

Albro, Daniel Matthew. 2005. Studies in Computational Optimality Theory, with Special Reference to the Phonological System of Malagasy. Unpublished doctoral dissertation (linguistics), University of California, Los Angeles.

Andriamanatsilavo, Seth and Ratrema, William. 1981. Ny fitsipi-pitenenantsika. Boky Voalohany. Librairie Mixte, Antananarivo, Madagasikara.

Andriamanatsilavo, Seth and Ratrema, William. 1981. Ny fitsipi-pitenenantsika. Boky Faharoa. Librairie Mixte, Antananarivo, Madagasikara.

Andrianarahinjaka, Lucien-Michel. 1964. ‘Etudes sur les structures du radical malgache’. In Bulletin de l’Académie Malgache, XLII (1), pp 89-100.

Andriamihaja, Solonavalona. 1996. ‘Teny Malagasy Moderna’. Communication présentée devant l'Académie Nationale des Arts, des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines de Madagascar, 25 Avril et 30 Mai 1996. 25 pages.

Andrianierenana, Clément-Luc. 1996a. Phrases à opérateur affixal man(a). Thèse de Doctorat du 3ème Cycle, FLSH-Université d'Antananarivo, Ankatso, Antananarivo, Madagascar.

Andrianierenana, Clément-Luc. 1996b. ‘Morphological Causatives in Malagasy’. In The Structure of Malagasy, Volume I, UCLA Occasional Papers in Linguistics, Number 17, ed. by Matthew Pearson and Ileana Paul, UCLA: 58-75.

Andrianarivony, Danielson. Torolàlana amin'ny fampianarana teny malagasy. Institut National Supérieur de Recherche et de Formation Pédagogique. Tananarive, Madagascar. 31 pages ronéotées.

Andrianarivony, Danielson. 1973. Fitsipi-pitenenana ho an'ny rehetra. Antananarivo, Madagasikara. Salohy éd., 113 pages.

Andrianony. 1962. Gramera na fianarana ny teny malagasy. Tananarive, Madagascar. Librairie Mixte, 2ème volume, 6ème édition, 110 pages.

Andrianasolo, Fidèle Joseph. 1988. Interprétations fonctionnelles et combinatoires des problèmes de phonologie malgache. Thèse pour le Doctorat d'Etat ès-Lettres et Sciences Humaines. Université de Paris VII, 872 pages + 236 pages.

Andrianasolo, Fidèle Joseph. 1993. ‘Les diphtongues malgache: Problèmes d’identification et essai de définition vectorielle’. In Language. A Doorway Between Human Cultures. Novus Forlag, Oslo, Norway. Pp 158-177.

Baker, E. 1845. An outline of a grammar of the Malagasy grammar, as spoken by the Hovas. Maurice.

Baron, R. 1900. ‘The words "Hianao," "Hianareo," and "Andro."’ In The Antananarivo Annual n 24. Tananarive, Madagascar. pp 504-505.

Bennett, Michael Eric. 1985. ‘The Distribution of Tense Markers in the Malagasy Simple Sentence’. In The Eleventh LACUS Forum, 1984. Hornbeam Press Inc., Courtwood Drive, Columbia, South Carolina, USA. Pp 150-157.

Bennett, Michael Eric. 1986. Aspects of the Simple Clause in Malagasy. A stratificational approach. Unpublished PhD dissertation. Department of Linguistics, and Germanic, Slavic, Asian, and African Languages, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA. 157 pages.

Bergenholtz, H. (ed.) 1991. Madagassisch-Deutsches Wörterbuch - Rakibolana Malagasy-Alema. Moers: Edition Aragon.

Berthier, Hugues. 1922. Manuel de la Langue Malgache. Tananarive, Madagascar. Imprimerie officielle. 238 pages.

Berthier, H. 1908. ‘Des participes passifs à suffixe’. In Bulletin de l’Académie Malgache. Tananarive, Madagascar. Tome VI, pp 37-53.

Berthier, H. 1913. ‘Du relatif en malgache’. In Bulletin de l’Académie Malgache. Tananarive, Madagascar. tome XII, pp 177-179.

Brandstetter, Renward. 1893. Die Beziehungen des Malagasy zum Malaiishen. Lucerne, Switzerland. English translation in Antananarivo Annual nos 18-19: ‘The relationship between the Malagasy and the Malayan languages’. Tananarive, Madagascar. Pp 155-175 and 345-355. 1894-1895.

Brandstetter, Renward. 1902. Tagalen und Madagassen. Lucerne, Switzerland,.

Builles, Jean-Michel. 1984. Le merina: description phonologique de la variété de malgache parlée à Tananarive. Thèse de Doctorat d'Etat. Université de Paris VII, France.

Caussèque, P. 1913. ‘Participe circonstanciel’. In Bulletin de l’Académie Malgache. Tananarive, Madagacar. tome XII, 1ère partie, pp 181-183.

Challan. 1773. Vocabulaire malgache. Isle de France.

Chapelier. 1827. ‘Grammaire de la langue madécasse’. In Annales maritimes et coloniales. Paris, France. 2ème partie, tome 1, pp 90-121.

Chazel, A. 1909. ‘Note sur la forme relative du verbe en malgache’. In Bulletin de l’Académie Malgache. Tananarive, Madagascar, tome VII, pp 75-90.

Cousins, G. 1881. ‘The Malagasy Passives’. In The Antananarivo Annual. Tananarive, Madagascar. Vol. II, pp 63-69.

Cousins, William. 1894. A concise Introduction to the Malagasy Language as spoken in Imerina. Tananarive, Madagascar, 3ème édition, London Missionary Society. 118 pages.

Cousins, W.E. 1886. ‘Malagasy roots: their classification and mutual relations’. In Antananarivo Annual. Tananarive, Madagascar. Volume III, pp 157-166.

Cousins, W.E. 1907. Gramera Lehibe. 7ème édition. Tananarive, London Missionary Society. 110 pages.

Dahl, Otto Christian. 1938a. ‘Les convergences phonétiques entre le malgache et le maanjan de Borneo’. In Bulletin de l’Académie Malgache. Tananarive. Nouvelle Série 21: 197-200.

Dahl, Otto Christian. 1938b. ‘Le système phonologique du proto-malgache’. In Norsk Tidskrift for Sprogvidenskap, tome 10, Oslo, Norway, pp 189-235.

Dahl, Otto Christian. 1951a. ‘Etude de phonologie et de phonétique malgache’. In Norsk Tidskrift for Sprogvidenskap, XVI, Oslo, Norway. pp 148-200.

Dahl, Otto Christian. 1951b. Malgache et Maanjan. Egede Instituttet, Oslo, Norway. 408 pages.

Dahl, Otto Christian 1954. ‘Le substrat bantou en malgache’. In Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap, volume 17, pp 325-62.

Dahl, Otto Christian. 1968. Contes malgaches en dialecte sakalava (textes, traductions, grammaire et lexique). Oslo, Norway: Universitetsforlaget, VIII-124 pages, bibliography. Instituttet for sammenlignende Kulturforsking, Serie B. Skrifter. LIV.

Dahl, Otto Christian. 1974. ’Ny 50 taona nitaran'ny asa (1924-1974)’. In Atopazo ny masonao, Antananarivo: Trano Printy Loterana. Pp 30-43.

Dahl, Otto Christian .1973 Proto-Austronesian. Scandinavian Institute of Asian Studies Monograph Series 15. Lund: Studentlittteratur. 2nd revised edition. 1976.

Dahl, Otto Christian. 1978. ‘The fourth focus’. In Second International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, I, Canberra, Australia. Pp 383-93.

Dahl, Otto Christian. 1981. Early phonetic and phonemic changes in Austronesian. Institute for Comparative Research in Human Culture series B, 63, Oslo: Norwegian University Press.

Dahl, Otto Christian. 1986. ‘Focus in Malagasy and Proto-Austronesian’. In Paul Geraghty, Lois Carrington, S.A. Wurm (eds), FOCAL I: Papers from the Fourth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, Pacific Linguistics series C-93, Canberra: Australian National University. Pp 21-42.

Dahl, Otto Christian. 1988. ‘Bantu Substratum in Malagasy’. In Etudes Océan Indien 9: 91-132. INALCO, Paris, France.

Dahl, Otto Christian. 1991a. Migration from Kalimantan to Madagascar. Institute for Comparative Research in Human Culture Series B, 82, Oslo: Norwegian University Press.

Dahl, Otto Christian. 1991b. ‘Sandhi mellom ord : østnorsk og gassisk’. Norsk lingvistisk tidsskrift voulume 9/1, pp 3-10.

Dahl, Otto Christian. 1994. ‘Predicate, subject and topic in Malagasy’. Paper read at the Seventh International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Dahl, Otto Christian. 1995. ‘L'importance de la langue malgache dans la linguistique austronésienne et dans la linguistique générale’. In Working Papers Series 2, 1995 Cultures of Madagascar, edited by Sandra Evers and Marc Spindler, International Institute for Asian Studies, University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands. Pp 39-45.

Dahl, Otto Christian. 1996. ‘Predicate, Subject and Topic in Malagasy’. [Paper presented at the Seventh International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, Leiden 1994] Oceanic Linguistics 35, pp 167-179.

Dahl, Otto Christian. 1997. ‘Vezo’'. [Contribution about the Vezo house] In Oliver, Paul (ed.). Encyclopedia of vernacular architecture of the world 3. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp 2063-2064.

Dahl, Otto Christian and and Jeanne Dina. 1995. ‘Ohabolan-tsakalava. Proverbes, expressions, dictons sakalava’. In Talily, Revue d'HistoireUniversité de Toliara, Madagascar 2, pp 97-129.

Dahl, Øyvind. 1993. Malagasy Meanings. An Interpretive Approach to Intercultural Communication in Madagascar. Centre for Intercultural Communication, School of Mission Theology, Stavanger, Norway.

Dahle, L. 1877. ‘Studies in the Malagasy language’. In Antananarivo Annual. Tananarive, Madagascar, vol. I, pp 291-298.

Dahle, L. 1878. ‘Studies in the Malagasy language on the 'inflection' of the verb in Malagasy’. In Antananarivo Annual. Tananarive, Madagascar, vol. I, pp 480-512.

Dahle, L. 1883. ‘A postcript on the Malagasy 'passives’. In Antananarivo Annual. Tananarive, Madagascar. vol. II, pp 269-275.

Dahle, L. 1885. ‘The 'infix' in Malagasy’. In Antananarivo Annual N 2 , 1876. Tananarive, Madagacar, pp 41-44; 2nd edition. pp 169-172.

Dahle, L. 1887. ‘Studies in the Malagasy language: the compound verbal prefixes, the genitive case of nouns, the preposition 'amy’’. In Antananarivo Annual. Tananarive, Madagascar. Vol. III, pp 283-294.

Dahle, L. 1896. ‘Once more on the Malagasy 'passives’. In Antananarivo Annual N 6, 1882. Tanananarive, Madagascar, pp 108-116; 2nd edition. Pp 190-196.

Dalmond, P. 1842. Vocabulaire et Grammaire pour les langues malgache sakalave et betsimisara. Saint-Denis (Ile Bourbon): Imprimerie de la Huppe. 2-128 pages.

Dalmond, P. 1844. Vocabulaire malgache-français pour les langues malgaches sakalave et betsimisara. Paris, France: Imprimerie H. de Vrayet. Saint-Denis, Ile Bourbon. 40 pages.

Decary, R. 1928. Lexique Français-Antandroy. Tananarive, Madagascar.

Deschamps, Hubert. 1936. Le Dialecte Antaisaka. Tananarive, Madagascar.

Dez, Jacques. 1956a. ‘Les voix verbales en malgache’. In Bulletin de la Société Linguistique de Paris. Sorbonne, France. tome 52, fascicule 1, pp 323-345.

Dez, Jacques. 1956b. ‘Quelques réflexions sur la linguistique malgache’. In Bulletin de l’Académie Malgache, XXXIV, pp 81-103.

Dez, Jacques. 1957. ‘Contributions à l'étude de la grammaire malgache’. In L'Ethnographie, Paris, France. pp 156-169.

Dez, Jacques. 1963. ‘Aperçu pour une dialectologie de la langue malgache’. In Bulletin de Madagascar, 204, pp 441-451; 205, pp 507-520; 206, pp 581-607; 210, pp 973-994.

Dez, Jacques. 1964. ‘La malgachisation des emprunts aux langues européennes’. In Annales de l'Université de Madagascar (Série Lettres et Sciences Humaines). Tananarive, Madagascar. pp 19-46.

Dez, Jacques. 1965. ‘Quelques hypothèses formulées par la linguistique comparée à l'usage de l'archéologie’. In Talohal N 1, Tananarive, Madagacar. pp 107-213.

Dez, Jacques. 1967. ‘De l'influence arabe à Madagascar à l'aide de faits de linguistique’. In Talohal N 2, Musée d'Art et d'Archéologie, Tananarive, Madagascar, pp 1-20.

Dez, Jacques. 1969. ‘A propos de quelques cas de synonymie en Merina’. In Bulletin de Madagascar. Tananarive, Madagacar. 283, pp 993-999.

Dez, Jacques. 1972. ‘Etudes des types d'énoncé en malgache’. In Langues et Techniques, Nature et Société. Jacqueline M.C. Thomas et Lucien Bernot, Editors. Vol. I. Paris, France. Klincksieck. pp 79-90.

Dez, Jacques. 1980. La syntaxe du malgache. Lille, France. Atelier de reproduction des thèses. 1001 pages.

Dez, Jacques. 1981. Vocabulaire pour le déchiffrement des documents arabico-malgaches. Paris: Université de Paris-7, Département de Recherches Linguistiques, IX-144 pages.

Dez, Jacques. 1990. Cheminements Linguistiques Malgaches. Editions Peeters. SELAF 307 Paris, France.

Domenichini-Ramiaramanana, Bakoly. 1977. Le Malgache. Essai de Description Sommaire. Collection Asie du sud-est et Océan Indien. SELAF 5, rue de Marseille, Paris, France. 120 pages

Dubois, Henri-Marie. 1917. Essai de Dictionnaire Betsileo. Tananarive, Madagascar. Imprimerie Officielle. 2 volumes, 244-IV pages and 14-240 pages.

Fanony, F. and Gueunier, N.J. 1974. ‘Vocabulaire Antakay (ou Bezanozano) d'après l'oeuvre de J. Ndema’. In Asia du Sud-Est et Monde Insulinde, V(3), pp 122-137.

Fanony, F. 1982. Corpus de Contes en Dialecte Betsimisaraka du Nord. Manuscript.

Faridanona. 1974. Rakibolana. Diksionera Tsimihety. Antananarivo, Madagasikara. Akademia Malagasy. Manuscript. 128 pages.

Faublée, Jacques. 1946a. Introduction au Malgache. Librairie Orientale et Américaine, G.P. Maisonneuve, 198 Boulevard Saint-Germain.

Faublée, Jacques. 1946b. Introduction au Malgache. Paris, France. Maisonneuve. 148 pages.

Faublée, Jacques. 1988. Review of Randriamasimanana, C. The Causatives of Malagasy, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA in ‘Comptes Rendu 1988’ in Bulletin de la Société Liguistique de Paris. Université de la Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris, France. pp 301-303.

Ferrand, Gabriel. 1903. Essai de Grammaire Malgache. Leroux, editor, 28, rue Bonaparte, Paris, VII@, France. XLVIV - 263 pages.

Ferrand, Gabriel. 1905-1906. ‘Un Préfixe Nominal en Malgache Sud-Oriental Ancien’. In Mémoires de la Société de Linguistique de Paris, Tome 13. Paris, France.pp 91-101.

Ferrand, Gabriel. 1909. Essai de Phonétique Comparée du Malais et des Dialectes Malgaches. Geuthner, Paris, France, XLVII - 247 pages.

Ferrand, Gabriel. 1911-1912. ‘Notes de Phonétique Malgache’. In Mémoires de la Société de Linguistique de Paris, Tome 17, Paris, France. pp 65-106.

Ferrand, Gabriel. 1924. ‘Les Langues Malayo-Polynesiennes’. In Les Langues du Monde. A. Meillet et M. Cohen, ed., Paris, France. Champion, pp 405-435.

Firaketana. 1937-69. Firaketana ny Fiteny sy ny Zavatra Malagasy, Avoakan'ny Mpiadidy ny Fiainana sy ny Namana Maro Eran'ny Nosy. (Malagasy Encyclopedia). Tananarive, Madagascar. Publication interrupted at Beginning of Letter M of the alphabet.

Flacourt, E. 1658. Dictionnaire de la Langue de Madagascar. Paris, France. Reproduced in A. and G. Grandidier, Tome 7.

Freeman, J.J. and D. Johns. 1835. A Dictionary of the Malagasy Language. In two parts. I. English and Malagasy. II: Malagasy and English. Tananarive, Madagascar.

Froberville, Barthelemy de Huet. 1816. Dictionnaire Français et Madécasse. 3 Volumes, Port Louis, Mauritius. British Museum Ms Add. 18, 118-120.

Frobeville, Barthelemy de Huet. 1816. Essai Théorique sur la Langue Madécasse. Port Louis, Mauritius. British Museum Ms Add. 18, 131.

Froberville, Barthelemy de Huet. 1816. Le Grand Dictionnaire de Madagascar. 5 volumes. Port Louis, Mauritius. British Museum Ms Add. 18, pp 121-125.

Fugier, Huguette. 1983. ‘Présentation du Malgache’. In LALIES 12. Presses de la Sorbonne Nouvelle, Universite de Paris III. pp 71.

Fugier, Huguette. 1999. ‘Syntaxe malgache’. Bibliothèque des Cahiers de l’Institut de Linguistique de Louvain. Peeters, Louvain-La-Neuve. 253 pages.

Garvey, Catherine. 1964a. Malagasy Introductory Course. Washington, D.C.: Center for Applied Linguistics.

Garvey, Catherine. 1964b. A Sketch of Malagasy Grammar. Washington, D.C.: Center for Applied Linguistics.

Gerbinis, Ernest. 1949. La Langue Malgache. Paris, France. Chassany et Cie. 3rd edition Tananarive, Madagascar 1930; 4th edition Tananarive, Madagascar.

Grandidier, A. and G. 1910. Collection des ouvrages anciens concernant Madagascar. Tome 1, Paris France 1903. Tome 2, Paris France 1904. Tome 3, Paris France 1905. Tome 4, Paris France 1906. Tome 5, Paris France 1907. Tome 7, Paris France.

Grandidier, G. 1906-1935. Bibliographie de Madagascar. 2 volumes. Paris, France.

Griffiths, D. 1854. Grammar of the Malagasy Language in the Ankova Dialect. Woodbridge, E. Pite, London, England. Pp 244 + VIII.

Guilfoyle, Eithne. 1990. Functional Category Projection and its Applications. PhD Dissertation, Department of Linguistics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

Guilfoyle, E., H. Hung and L. Travis. 1992. ‘Spec of IP and Spec of VP: Two Subjects in Austronesian Languages’. In Natural Language and Linguistic Theory. pp 375-414.

Hanitriniaina, Saholy and Travis, Lisa. 1998. ‘F-nominals in Malagasy and unparsing’. Paper read at AFLA 5 (Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association), Department of Linguistics, Honolulu, Hawaii, March 26-29.

Harries-Delisle, Helga. 1978. ‘Contrastive Emphasis and Cleft Sentences’. In Universals of Human Language, Volume 4, Syntax. Edited by Joseph H. Greenberg, Associate editors: Charles Ferguson and Edith A. Moravcsik. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California, USA. Reference to Malagasy on page 463.

Horn, Laurence. 1978. ‘Some Aspects of Negation’. In Universals of Human Language, Volume 4, Syntax. Edited by Joseph H. Greenberg, Associate editors: Charles Ferguson and Edith A. Moravcsik. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California, USA. Pp 127-210. Reference to Malagasy on page 192.

Hung, Henrietta. 1988. Derived Verbs and Nominals in Malagasy. Unpublished Manuscript, Department of Linguistics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

Hyams, Nina, Dimitris Ntelitheos and Cecile Manorohanta: 2006, 'Acquisition of the Malagasy voicing system: implications for the adult grammar'. Natural language and linguistic theory 24/4, 1049-92.

Jensenius, O. 1910. ‘Dictionnaire Bara-Hova’. In Bulletin de l’Académie Malgache, Volume 7, Tananarive, Madagascar, pp 163-194.

Jørgensen, S.E. 1888. ‘ On Case in Malagasy’. In The Antananarivo annual and Madagascar magazine Antananarivo, Madagascar: Press of the London Missionary Society XII, pp 494-498.

Keenan, E.L. 1970. ‘Sur la grammaire transformationnelle du malgache’ In Bulletin de l'Académie Malgache, Tananarive, Madagascar, IV, pp 494-498.

Keenan, E.L. 1976a. ‘Remarkable Subjects in Malagasy’. In Subject and Topic, ed. By Charles N. Li. New York: Academic Press, pp 303-334.

Keenan, E.L. 1976b. ‘Towards a Universal Definition of Subject’. In Subject and Topic, ed. by Charles N. Li. New York. Academic Press, pp 303-333.

Keenan, E.L. 1978. ‘The Syntax of Subject-Final Languages’. In Syntactic Typology Studies in the Phenomenology of Language, ed. by Winfred P. Lehman. Sussex: The Harvester Press, pp 257-327.

Keenan, E.L. and Elinor Ochs. 1979. ‘Becoming Competent Speakers of Malagasy’. In Languages and their Speakers, ed. by Timothy Shopen. Cambridge, MA, USA: Winthrop Publishers, pp 113-158.

Keenan, E.L. 1991. Review of Randriamasimanana, C. The Causative of Malagasy. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. 1986 in Linguistics 29, pp 1181-1188.

Keenan, E.L. 1995. ‘Predicate-Argument Structure in Malagasy’. In Burgess, Dziwirek and Gerdts, eds, Grammatical Relations. Theoretical Approaches to Empirical Questions, pp 171-216. CSLI Publications, Stanford, California.

Keenan, Edward L. 1996. ‘Morphology is Structure: A Malagasy Test Case in Problems’. In Austronesian Morphology and Syntax I. Paul, V. Phillips, and L. Travis (eds), Kluwer, Dordrecht, Holland.

Keenan, Edward L. and Jean Paulin Razafimamonjy. 1996. ‘Malagasy Morphology: Basic Rules’. In M. Pearson and I. Paul (eds). The Structure of Malagasy, Volume I, UCLA Occasional papers in Linguistics, N 17, pp 92-113.

Keenan, Edward. 1998. ‘NP remnant incorporation in Malagasy’. Paper read at AFLA 5 (Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association), Department of Linguistics, Honolulu, Hawaii, March, pp 26-29.

Keenan, Edward and Cecile Manorohanta, 2004. ‘Malagasy Clause Structure and Language Acquisition’'. In Law, Paul (ed.). Proceedings of AFLA 11. ZASPIL. ZAS Papers in linguistics 34/10. Berlin, Germany. Centre for General Linguistics, Typology and Universals Research (ZAS).

Kurokawa, Hiroshi. 1990. Merina zoku no kotoba asobi. (Eguchi, Kazuhisa (hen.) 1990 Kotoba asobi no minzokushi, Taishukan shoten, Tokyo, pp.397-412. [ English: Kurokawa, Hiroshi 1990. The Word Play of the Merina People. Eguti, Kazuhisa, Editor. Ethnography of The Word Play in The World Peoples. Taiyushyukan-shoten, Tokyo, Japan, pp 397-412.

Kurokawa, Hiroshi. 1992. ‘Maragashigo’. (Kamei, Takashi; Kono, Rokuro, Chino, Eiichi (hen cho) 1992 Gengogaku daijiten, vol.4, Sanseido, Tokyo, pp.133-144. [English: Kurokawa, Hiroshi 1992. The Malagasy language. Kamei, Takashi; Kono, Rokuro and Chino, Eiichi, Editors. The Grand Dictionary of Linguistics. Sanseido, Tokyo, Japan. Volume 4, pp 133-144.]

Kurokawa, Hiroshi. 1995a. Nihongo Maragasigo taisho kenkyu - chosa kenkyu keika no chukan hokoku Reitaku Daigaku ronso. Vol.6, pp.131-142 [ Eng. Translation: Kurokawa, Hiroshi 1995. 'A Contrastive Study of Japanese and the Malagasy Language: An Interim Report'. Reitaku University Discussion Paper, Volume 6, pp 133-144.]

Kurokawa, Hiroshi. 1995b. ‘Madagasukaru no kotowaza’ SHIBATA, Takeshi; TANIGA WA, Shuntaro; YAGAWA, Sumiko (hen) 1995 Sekai kotowaza daijiten, Taishukan Shoten, pp. 937-950. [ English: Kurokawa, Hiroshi. 1995. 'The Proverbs of Madagascar'. SHIBATA, Takeshi; TANIGAWA, Shyuntaro; YAGAWA, Sumiko, Editors. The Grand Dictionary of the World Proverbs. Taishyukan-shoten, Tokyo, Japan. Pp 937-950.]

Law, Paul. 1995. ‘On Grammatical Relations in Malagasy Control Structures’. In Burgess, Dziwirek and Gerdts, eds Grammatical Relations. Theoretical Approaches to Empirical Questions, pp 271-290. CSLI Publications, Stanford, California.

Law, Paul. 2005. ‘Questions and clefts in Malagasy’. In Heinz, Jeffrey and Dimitris Ntelitheos (eds.). Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Conference of the Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association (AFLA 12). (UCLA Working Papers in Linguistics 12). Los Angeles: UCLA, 195-209.

MacLaughlin, Dawn. 1995. ‘Wh-movement in Malagasy: An extraction Asymmetry’. In Akihbiyi Akihlabi, ed., Theoretical Approaches to African Linguistics. Trenton, NJ, Africa World Press, Inc. Pp 117-128.

Mahdi, Waruno. 1988. Morphophonologishe Besonderheiten und Historische Phonologie des Malagasy. Berlin: D. Reimer.

Malzac, Victorin. 1902. ‘Etudes sur les suffixes malgaches’. In Bulletin de l’Académie Malgache. Tananarive, Madagascar., Tome I, fascicule 3, pp 103-107.

Malzac, Victorin. 1903. ‘Note sur les particules n', n-, m-, ny i-‘. In Bulletin de l' Académie Malgache. Tananarive, Madagascar. Tome II, fascicule I, pp 25-30.

Malzac, Victorin. 1950. Grammaire malgache. Paris, Société d'Editions Géographiques, Maritimes et Coloniales. Ancienne Maison Challamel, fondée en 1839, 17 rue Rajob (VIème).

Malzac, Victorin. 1987. Dictionnaire malgache-français. Originally published in 1888. Fianarantsoa, Madagascar. 876 pages.

Manaster-Ramer, Alexis. 1993. ‘Malagasy and the subject/topic issue’. In Oceanic Linguistics, Volume 31. Pp 267-279.

Manaster-Ramer, Alexis. 1995. ‘On the Subject of Malagasy Imperatives’. In Oceanic Linguistics, Volume 34, Number 1, June 1995. Pp 203-210.

Manoro, R. 1983. Description morpho-syntaxique du Tsimihety (Madagascar). Thèse de Doctorat du Troisième Cycle en Linguistique, Université Paris-7, Paris, France. Volume I. Texte. IV-366 pages. Volume II. Corpus. II-242 pages.

Manorohanta, Cécile. 1998. ‘A quantitative study of passive in Malagasy’. Address to AFLA 5 (Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association), Department of Linguistics, Honolulu, Hawaii, March 26-29.

Marre, Aristide. 1885. ‘Aperçu philologique sur les affinités de la langue malgache avec le javanais, le malais et les autres principaux idiomes de l'archipel Indien’. In Actes du 6ème Congrès International des Orientalistes tenu à Leyde, Hollande en 1883, 4ème partie, 5ème section, Leyde, pp 57-214.

Marre, Aristide. 1894. Grammaire Malgache suivie de nombreux exercices. Imprimerie Vosgienne, 9 Rue de la Calandre, A Epinal, Seconde Edition. 155 pages + XIII.

Marre, Aristide. 1895. Vocabulaire Français-Malgache. Imprimerie Vosgienne, 9 rue de la Calandre, A Epinal, France. 391 pages.

Ministère des Affaires Culturelles. 1969. ‘Fomba fanoratra ny teny malagasy’. In Vankona, 4 (1969), pp 1-16; 5 (1969), pp 1-12; 13 (1970), pp 1-31. Tananarive, Madagascar.

Ministère des Affaires Culturelles. 1970b. ‘Fitsipi-pitenenana ara-drafitra’. In Vankona, 7, pp 5-32. Tananarive, Madagascar.

Ministère des Affaires Culturelles. 1971a. ‘Ny rafitry ny teny’. In Vankona, 19-20, pp 3-63. Tananarive, Madagascar.

Ministère des Affaires Culturelles. 1971b. ‘Ny endriky ny matoanteny’. In Vankona, 24-25, pp 3-54. Tananarive, Madagascar.

Mirto, Ignazio M. 1993. ‘Ergativity in Malagasy’. In Cornell Working Papers in Linguistics, Ithaca, NY (CWPL). Fall, 11, 73-95.

Montagné, Lucien. 1931.Essai de Grammaire Malgache, Société d'Editions Géographiques, Maritimes et Coloniales, 184, Boulevard Saint- Germain (VIe), Paris, France.

Narivony, Jean. 1968. Ianaro ny tenin-drazantsika. Antananarivo, Madagasikara. Salohy edition, 64 pages.

Ntelitheos, Dimitrios. 2005a. ‘Root infinitives in Malagasy’. In Heinz, Jeffrey and Dimitris Ntelitheos (eds.). Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Conference of the Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association (AFLA 12). (UCLA Working Papers in Linguistics 12). Los Angeles: UCLA, 329-342.

Ntelitheos, Dimitrios. 2005b. ‘Malagasy participant nominalizations: A structural account’. In Heinz, Jeffrey and Dimitris Ntelitheos (eds.). Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Conference of the Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association (AFLA 12). (UCLA Working Papers in Linguistics 12). Los Angeles: UCLA, 313-327.

Ntelitheos, Dimitrios and Manorohanta, Cécile. 2006a. ‘Default pronouns and root infinitives in Malagasy acquisition’. In Deen, K.U., J. Nomura, B. Schulz and B.D. Schwartz (eds), The Proceedings of the Inaugural Conference on Generative Approaches to Language Acquisition North America, Honolulu, HI. University of Connecticut occasional papers in linguistics, 4, 249-260.

Ntelitheos, Dimitrios. 2006b. The Morphosyntax of nominalizations: A case study. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles. [available at http://dntelith.bol.ucla.edu/dissertation.htm]

Ochs, Elinor. 1976. ‘The Universality of Conversational Postulates’. In Language in Society 5, pp 67-80.

Paul, Ileana. 1998a. ‘Aspects of wh-questions in Malagasy’. Paper read at AFLA 5, Department of Linguistics, Honolulu, Hawaii, March 26-29.

Paul, Ileana (Editor). 1998b. The Structure of Malagasy. Volume II. Department of Linguistics, UCLA.

Paul, Ileana. 1999. Malagasy Clause Structure. PhD Dissertation, Department of Linguistics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Paul, Ileana. 2000a. ‘Concealed pseudo-cleft in Austronesian’. Paper presented at the Seventh Meeting of AFLA (Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 11-13 May.

Paul, Ileana. 2000b. ‘Malagasy Existentials: A syntactic Account of Specificity’. In Paul, Ileana et al. (eds). Formal Issues in Austronesian Linguistics. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer.

Paul, Ileana. 2001. ‘Concealed pseudo-clefts’. Lingua 111: 707-727.

Paul, Ileana. 2002. ‘An explanation of extraction asymmetries in Malagasy’. In Pica, Pierre (ed.). Linguistic variation yearbook, 2, (2003), 99-122.

Paul, Ileana. 2004. ‘Two types of non-noun-incorporation. In Law, Paul (ed.). Proceedings of AFLA 11. ZASPIL. ZAS Papers in linguistics 34/10. Berlin, Germany. Centre for General Linguistics, Typology and Universals Research (ZAS).

Paul, Ileana and Eric Potsdam. 2004. ‘How to sluice in the wh-in-situ language Malagasy’. Paper presented at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society. Chicago: Chicago Linguistic Society.

Paul, Ileana and Jeannot Fils Ranaivoson. 1998. ‘Complex verbal constructions in Malagasy’. Paper read at AFLA 5 (Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association), Department of Linguistics, Honolulu, Hawaii, March 26-29.

Paul, Ileana and Lisa deMena Travis. 2006. ‘Ergativity in Austronesian languages: What it can do, what it can't, but not why’. In Johns, Alana, Diane Massam, and Juvénal Ndayiragije. Ergativity. (Studies in natural language and linguistic theory 65) Dordrecht, The Netherlands : Springer, 315-335.

Pearson, Matthew. 1996a. Raising and restructuring in Malagasy existentials. MA thesis, Department of Linguistics, UCLA.

Pearson, Matthew. 1996b. ‘Domain Phrases and Topic Arguments in Malagasy Existentials’. In The Structure of Malagasy: Volume 1, ed. M. Pearson and I. Paul, 113-141. Los Angeles: Department of Linguistics, UCLA.

Pearson, Matthew. 1998. ‘Resultative complements and non-active voice morphology in Malagasy’. Paper read at AFLA V (Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association), Department of Linguistics, Honolulu, Hawaii, March 26-29.

Pearson, Matthew. 2001a. The clause structure of Malagasy: A minimalist approach. UCLA Dissertations in Linguistics 21. Los Angeles: UCLA Department of Linguistics, Los Angeles, California

Pearson, Matthew. 2001b. ‘Evidence for clausal pied-piping in Malagasy long-distance dependencies’. Paper presented at AFLA 8, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Pearson, Matthew. 2003. ‘Evidence for clausal pied-piping in Malagasy long distance extraction’. In Rakowski, A. and N. Richards (eds.). Proceedings of AFLA VIII: the eighth meeting of the Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association. MIT Working papers in linguistics 44.

Pearson, Matthew. 2004. ‘Voice morphology, case and argument structure in Malagasy’. In Law, Paul (ed.). Proceedings of AFLA 11. ZASPIL. ZAS Papers in linguistics 34/10. Berlin, Germany. Centre for General Linguistics, Typology and Universals Research (ZAS).

Pearson, Matthew. 2005. ‘The Malagasy subject/topic as an A´-element’. Natural language and linguistic theory 23/2, 381-457.

Pearson, Matthew and Paul, Ileana, eds. 1996. The Structure of Malagasy, Volume 1, Occasional Papers in Linguistics, N. 17, Department of Linguistics, UCLA.

Peill, A.P. 1887. ‘Have we a ‘possessive case’' or a ‘construct state’' in Malagasy?’ In Antananarivo Annual. Tananarive, Madagascar. Tome III, p 310.

Pensalfini, Robert. 1995. ‘Malagasy Phrase Structure: A Problem for the LCA’. Paper presented at the Fifth Southeast Asian Linguistics Society meeting, Department of Linguistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. 1995. May 19-21.

Polinsky, Maria and Eric Potsdam. 2002. ‘Backward control’. Linguistic Inquiry 33: 245-82.

Polinsky, Maria and Eric Potsdam. 2003a. ‘Backward control: evidence from Malagasy’. In Rakowski, A. and N. Richards (eds.). Proceedings of AFLA VIII: the eighth meeting of the Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association. MIT working papers in linguistics 44, 257-272.

Polinsky, Maria and Eric Potsdam. 2003b. ‘Control in Malagasy’. In Riehl, Anastasia and Thess Savella (eds.). Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Meeting of the Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association (AFLA 9). Cornell working papers in linguistics 19, 173-187.

Potsdam, Eric. 2003. ‘Evidence for semantic identity under ellipsis from Malagasy sluicing’. In Kadowaki, Makoto and Shigeto Kawahara (eds.). NELS 33: Proceedings of the North East Linguistic Society. Amherst, Mass: GLSA Publications 285-302.

Potsdam, Eric. 2004. ‘Wh-questions in Malagasy’. In Law, Paul (ed.). Proceedings of AFLA 11. ZASPIL. ZAS Papers in linguistics 34/10. Berlin, Germany. Centre for General Linguistics, Typology and Universals Research (ZAS).

Potsdam, Eric. 2006a. ‘More concealed pseudoclefts in Malagasy and the clausal typing hypothesis’. Lingua, 116/12, 2154-2182.

Potsdam, Eric. 2006b. ‘Backward object control in Malagasy: Against an empty category analysis’. In Baumer, Donald, David Montero, and Michael Scanlon (eds.). Proceedings of the 25th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project 328-336 [Available at http://www.lingref.com/cpp/wccfl/25/paper1465.pdf]

Pullum, Geoffrey K. 1980. ‘Languages in which movement does not parallel bound anaphors’. In Linguistic Inquiry, Vol. 11, N 3, pp 613-624. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. Reference to Malagasy on pages 618-619.

Phillips, Vivianne. 1996. Uprooting the prefix maha in Malagasy. MA thesis, Department of Linguistics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada.

Rabenilaina, Roger-Bruno. 1974. Description Morpho-syntaxique du Bara. 2 Volumes.Unpublished Thèse de Doctorat du Troisième Cycle, Université de Madagascar, Tananarive, Madagascar-Université de Bordeaux, France. Volume I. Texte. XIII-482 pages, bibiography, index. Volume II. Corpus. XXV-127-144-XXX pages, bibliography, lexicon.

Rabenilaina, Roger-Bruno. 1983. Morpho-syntaxe du malgache. Description structurale du dialecte Bara. Paris, France. SELAF. 337 pages, bibliography.

Rabenilaina, Roger-Bruno. 1986. Lexique-Grammaire du Malgache. Thèse pour le Doctorat d'Etat en Linguistique, Département de Recherches Linguistiques, Laboratoire d'Automatique Documentaire et Linguistique, Université de Paris VII. Paris, France.

Rabenilaina, Roger-Bruno sy ny namany. 1988a. Ny fitsipiky ny teny T.10. Antananarivo: FO:FI:PA.

Rabenilaina, Roger-Bruno. 1988b. Fotopotry ny gramera malagasy. Dinika sy Karoka Haiteny 1. Antananarivo: FO.FI.PA.

Rabenilaina, Roger-Bruno sy ny namany. 1989. Ny fitsipiky ny teny T.11. Antananarivo: FO:FI:PA.

Rabenilaina, Roger-Bruno. 1990. ‘Construction du dictionnaire électronique du malgache parallèlement à celui du français’. Communication au Colloque International sur les Industries de la Langue, du 21 au 24 Novembre à Montreal, publiée en 1991, Actes du Colloque Tome I Montréal: Office de la Langue Française et Société des Traducteurs du Québec.

Rabenilaina, Roger-Bruno. 1991. Le verbe malgache. Unpublished manuscript. Paris: AUPELF/UREF et Université de Paris XIII. AUPELF (Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement de Langue Française); UREF (Unité d'Enseignement et de Recherche sur la Francophonie).

Rabenilaina, Roger-Bruno. 1993. ‘L'intégration des différents parlers. Signes manifestes de l'unicité de la langue malgache’. In: Language - A Doorway between Human Cultures. Volume in honour of Dr. Otto Chr. Dahl on his 90th birthday. Novus Forlag, Oslo, Norway. Pp 135-157.

Rabenilaina, Roger-Bruno. 1996. Le verbe malgache. Constructions transitives et intransitives. AUPELF-UREF (Agence Francophone pour l’Enseignement Supérieur et la Recherche). 210 pages.

Rabenilaina, Roger-Bruno. 1998. ‘Voix et diathèse’ (On the semantic interpretation of morphology in Malagasy). Address to AFLA V (Austronesian Formal Linguistic Association), Department of Linguistics, Honolulu, Hawaii, March 26-29.

Rabenoro, Irène. 1995. Le vocabulaire politique malgache pendant les évènements de Mai 1972. Thèse de Doctorat d'Etat ès-Lettres et Sciences Humaines soutenue le 15 Decembre 1995, Université de Paris VII- Denis Diderot, 1231p.

Rafitoson, F. 1980. Accent et Intonation de la Phrase ‘Objective' en Malgache-Merina. Thèse pour le Doctorat de Troisième Cycle. Université d'Aix-en-Provence, 329 pages.

Raharinirina-Rabaovololona, Razanajohary Lucie. 1987. ‘Ny fehezan-teny sy ny fehezan-teny fototra’. In Dinika sy Karoka Haiteny 1, Antananarivo: FO:FI:PA.

Raharinirina-Rabaovololona, R.L. 1991. Lexique grammaire des composés du malgache: les adverbes de temps. Thèse Unique, Université de Paris 7.

Raharinirina-Rabaovololona, R.L. 1996a. ‘Classes d'objects et adverbes en malgache’. In Actes du Colloque ILN 96, Université de Nantes, France.

Raharinirina-Rabaovololona, R.L. (Co-auteur)1996b. ‘Acquisition automatique de termes dans des corpus en language malgache’. In Actes du Colloque ILN 96, Université de Nantes, France.

Raharinirina, Sahoby S. 1995. Requestive behavior in American English and Malagasy: A comparative study. Unpublished Master's Research Paper in TESOL, University of Northern Iowa, USA.

Rajaona, Siméon. 1964. ‘Problèmes de l'orthographe malgache’. In Bulletin de l’Académie Malgache, XLII (1), pp 77-88.

Rajaona, Siméon. 1969. Takelaka Notsoingaina. II. Lahatsoratra Tsotra. Librairie Ambozontany. Fianarantsoa, Madagascar.

Rajaona, Siméon. 1972. Structure du malgache. Etudes des formes préedicatives. Librairie Ambozontany, Fianarantsoa, Madagascar. [Origine: Thèse pour le Doctorat d'Etat en Linguistique, Université de la Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris, France.] 785 pages.

Rajaona, Siméon. 1977. Problèmes de Morphologie Malgache. Librairie Ambozontany, Fianarantsoa, Madagascar.

Rajaona, Siméon. 1985. ‘Le redoublement par suffixation en malgache’. In Hiratra 4, Département de Langue, Littérature et Civilisation Malgaches. Université de Madagascar.

Rajaona, Siméon 1993a. ‘Les variations vocaliques en position postaccentuelle dans les différents parlers malgaches’. In Language. A Doorway Between Human Cultures. Novus Forlag, Oslo, Norway. Pp 122-134.

Rajaona, Siméon. 1993b. Ny zava-kanto vita amin'ny teny. Antananarivo, Editions Ambozontany.

Rajemisa-Raolison, Régis.1948. Vakoka - Dictionnaire des Synonymes malgaches. Unpublished Manuscript

Rajemisa-Raolison, Régis. 1964. Grammaire malgache. Fianarantsoa. Centre de Formation Pédagogique. Ambozontany, 4ème édition.. 174 pages.

Rajemisa-Raolison, Régis. 1965. Vakoka. Dictionnaire des synonymes de la langue malgache. Fianarantsoa, Madagascar. Imprimerie Catholique. 334 pages.

Rajemisa-Raolison, Régis. 1966. Dictionnaire historique et géographique de Madagascar.

Rajemisa-Raolison, Régis 1969. Fiteny mamiko. Fianarantsoa: Ambozontany.

Rajemisa-Raolison, Régis. 1971a. Grammaire malgache. Editions Ambozontany, Fianarantsoa. 7th edition.

Rajemisa-Raolison, Régis. 1971b. Fitsipi-panoratana malagasy. Editions Ambozontany, Fianarantsoa.

Rajemisa-Raolison, Régis. 1971c. Vakoka. Dictionnaire des synonymes de la langue malgache. 4th edition.

Rajemisa-Raolison, Régis. 1971d. Tononkalo sy lahatsoratra. Librairie Ambozontany, Fianarantsoa. 2nd edition.

Rajemisa-Raolison, Régis. 1971e. Fiteny mamiko. Librairie Ambozontany, Fianarantsoa. 2nd edition.

Rajemisa-Raolison, Régis. 1985, 1995. Rakibolana Malagasy. Editions Ambozontany, Fianarantsoa, Madagascar. 1061 pages.

Rakotonaivo, Francois. 1996. Rakibolana frantsay-malagasy. Editions Ambozontany, Fianarantsoa.

Rakotofiringa, Hippolyte. 1967. ‘Notes sur la perception des voyelles et des sonores [l] [m] - [n] propos d'un test sur l'accent distinctif en malgache’. Commentaire faite au Colloque de Grenoble - Les structures acoustiques de la parole. Grenoble: Institut de Phonétique et de Linguistique, Université de Grenoble II, Grenoble, France.

Rakotofiringa, Hyppolite. 1968. Contributions à l'étude de la phonétique malgache. I. Durée et intensité vocaliques efficaces. Institut de Phonétique. Université de Grenoble II, Grenoble, France. 44 pages ronéotées.

Rakotofiringa, Hippolyte 1969. Contributions à l'étude de la phonétique malgache. III. Apport de la phonétique expérimentale. Avec la collaboration de Rakotofiringa-Rakotomanga. Université de Grenoble II.

Rakotofiringa, Hyppolite. 1982a. Etude de Phonétique Experimentale. L’Accent et les Unites Phoniques Elémentaires de Base en Malgache-Merina. Tome I: Texte.Thèse présentée devant l’ Université de Strasbourg II le 27 Septembre 1978. Atelier National de Reproduction des Thèses, Université de Lille III, 1982. 600 pages.

Rakotofiringa, Hyppolite. 1982b. Etude de Phonétique Experimentale. L’Accent et les Unites Phoniques Elmentaires de Base en Malgache-Merina. Tome II: Annexes. Thèse présentée devant l’ Université de Strasbourg II le 27 Septembre 1978. Atelier National de Reproduction des Thèses, Universite de Lille III, 1982. 343 pages.

Ralalaoherivony, Baolisoa Simone. 1995. Lexique-grammaire du malgache: Les constructions adjectivales. Université de Madagascar: UER de Langue et Littérature Malgaches, Akantso, Antananarivo, Madagascar.

Ranaivoson, Jeannot Fils 1996. La nominalisation en Malgache. Etude des constructions manao N. Thèse de Doctorat de Troisième Cycle, Université d'Antananarivo. 254 pages.

Ranaivoson, Jeannot Fils. 1996. Etude des constructions mx-N en Malgache. Classe d'objects et traduction. Thèse de Doctorat, Nouveau Régime, Université de Paris XIII. 318 pages

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1970. Quelques Exemples de Structurations Diferentes dans les Systèmes Morpho-Syntaxiques du Malgache, du Français et de l'Anglais. Institut de Linguistique Appliquée, Université de Madagascar, Tananarive, Madagascar. Volume II. 167 pages.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1981. A Study of the Causative Constructions of Malagasy. Unpublished PhD dissertation. University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA. 431 pages.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1984. ‘Articles, Demonstratives, and Locatability in Malagasy’. In Working Papers in Linguistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, N 10, December. Pp 131-150.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1985. ‘Tense/Aspect and Locatability in Malagasy’. In Working Papers in Linguistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. Volume 11, December 1985. Pp 109-136.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1986. The Causatives of Malagasy. Oceanic Linguistic Special Publication N 21. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. 683 pages. Note: Check the table of contents compiled by the author.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1987. ‘Tense/Aspect and the Concept of Displacement’. In Journal of Pragmatics 11, pp 193-209. Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. (North-Holland), The Netherlands.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1988. ‘Les causatifs du malgache’. In Etudes Océan Indien N 9. Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales. Université de la Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris, France. Pp 215-222.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1994a. ‘Null Subjects in Malagasy’. Paper presented at the First International Symposium on Austronesian Studies, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, August 14-17.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1994b. ‘Malagasy and Universal Grammar’. Paper presented at the Seventh International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands, August 22-27.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1995a. ‘Null Subjects and Case Assignment in Malagasy’. Paper circulated at the Second Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association, Department of Linguistics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada, March 24- 26.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1995b. ‘Evidence for Null Subjects in Malagasy’. Paper presented at the Fifth Southeast Asian Linguistics Society meeting, Department of Linguistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. May 19-21.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1995c.Review of Verbal Arts in Madagascar: Performance in Historical Perspective. Lee Haring. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1992. ix + 242 pp. in American Ethnologist, Vol 22, N. 2, pp 426-427, May 1995.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1995d. Review of Narivelo Rajaonarimanana and Pierre Vérin. Dictionnaire Français-Malgache. Dictionnaire des Langues 'O'. L'Asiathèque. In Oceanic Linguistics, Volume 34, Number 1, June 1995. Department of Linguistics, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1996. ‘Otto Christian Dahl (July 15, 1903-November 11, 1995)’. Norsk Lingvistisk Tidsskrift. Årgang 14. Oslo, Norway. Pp 63-70.

Randriamasimananana, Charles. 1997a. ‘Word Order Typology and Malayo-Polynesian Languages’. Paper read at the 12th International New Zealand Conference on Asian Studies, November 26-29. Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.

Randriamasimananana, Charles. 1997b. ‘Malagasy and Universal Grammar’. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics. Pp 483-496. University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1998a. ‘Evidence for Null Subjects in Malagasy’. Papers from the Fifth Annual Meeting of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society 1995. Shobhana L. Chelliah and Willem J. de Reuse, editors. Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona: 303-315.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1998b. ‘Passive as incorporation in Malayo-Polynesian languages’. Address to AFLA V (Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association), Department of Linguistics, Honolulu, Hawaii, March 26-29.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1998c. ‘Malagasy focus’. Paper read at 8-ICAL, 27 December 1997-2 January 1998. Academia Sinica, Taipeh, Taiwan.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1999a. ‘The Malayo-Polynesian Origins of Malagasy’. In Neile A. Kirk and Paul J. Sidwell, Editors, From Neanderthal to Easter Island. A tribute to, and a celebration of, the work of W. Wilfried Schuhmacher. Presented on the occasion of his 60th Birthday. AHL Studies in the Science & History of Language 2, Melbourne, Australia. 1999: 26-43.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1999b. [1998] ‘Clausal architecture and movement verbs in Malagasy’. In Zeitoun, Elizabeth and Paul Jen-kuei Li (eds.): Selected Papers from the Eighth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics. (Symposium Series of the Institute of Linguistics 1). Preparatory Office, Academia Sinica. Taipeh, Taiwan: 509-27

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 1999c. ‘Malagasy and Binary Branching’. Paper presented at the Linguistics Society of New Zealand Conference, 23-26 November 1999, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2000a. ‘ Word order typology and Malayo-Polynesian Languages’. In Ch.Randriamasimanana & R. Haddon, eds. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference of the New Zealand Asian Studies Society. Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Volume I: 266-288.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2000b. ‘Malagasy, Binary Branching and Null Subjects’. Paper presented at the Seventh Meeting of AFLA (Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 11-13 May.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2000c. ‘Malagasy Clause Structure’. Paper presented at the Tenth Meeting of SEALS, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 5-7 May.

Randriamasimanana, Charles (ed.). 2000d. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference of the New Zealand Asian Studies Society (26-29 November 1997). Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. I Socio-cultural themes

Randriamasimanana, Charles et al. (eds.). 2000e. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference of the New Zealand Asian Studies Society (26-29 November 1997). Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. II Economic themes

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2001. ‘Malagasy and Tsou: A Comparison’. International Symposium on Austronesian Cultures: Issues Relating to Taiwan. December 9-11: Institute of Linguistics (Preparatory Office), Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taiwan.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2002. ‘Binary Branching and Null Subjects in Malagasy’. (Volume 3, Issue 1, 2002). Language and Linguistics, Institute of Linguistics (Preparatory Office), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2003a. ‘Relation tête-spécifieur et analyse en traits pertinents.’ In Zeitoun, Elizabeth (ed.). 2003. Colloque sur les langues austronésiennes. Faits de Langues 24 . Paris, France [5-7 February 2003, avec le concours de l'Institut de Linguistique, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taiwan.] 149-59

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2003b. ‘La bibliographie du malgache’. In Zeitoun, Elizabeth (ed.). 2003. Colloque sur les langues austronésiennes. Faits de Langues 24 . Paris, France [5-7 February 2003, avec le concours de l'Institut de Linguistique, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taiwan.] 161-81

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2004a. ‘Relation tête-spécifieur et analyse en traits pertinents’. In Zeitoun, Elizabeth (Directeur scientifique). 2004. Les langues autronésiennes. Faits de Langues 23-24. Avec le concours du Centre National du Livre et du CNRS. Orphrys : Paris, France. 271-280

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2004b. ‘Recherche linguistique sur le malgache: quelques remarques critiques’. In Zeitoun, Elizabeth (Directeur scientifique). 2004. Les langues autronésiennes. Faits de Langues 23-24. Avec le concours du Centre National du Livre et du CNRS. Orphrys : Paris, France. 345-359

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2004c. ’Malagasy and Formosan languages: a comparison’. Language and linguistics 5/2, 409-431.

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2005a. ‘Malagasy simple sentences - Case-marking & NPs’ . Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR101/201. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~cpgl0015/pargram/data/2Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2005b. ‘Morphological segmentation (Control in Malagasy)’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR102. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~cpgl0015/pargram/data/2Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2005c. ‘Malagasy Epenthesis’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR103. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~cpgl0015/pargram/data/2Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2005d. ‘Malagasy ka, tra, na endings of words’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR104. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~cpgl0015/pargram/data/2Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2005e. ‘Malagasy Passives: ina/ana alternation’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR105/203. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~cpgl0015/pargram/data/2Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2005f. ‘Malagasy Passives: the distribution of passive affixes’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR106/204. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~cpgl0015/pargram/data/2Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2005g. ‘[Malagasy] Passive imperative ending’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR107. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~cpgl0015/pargram/data/2Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2005h. ‘[Malagasy] Prefixation’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR108. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~cpgl0015/pargram/data/2Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2005i. ‘[Malagasy] Stress assignment’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR109. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~cpgl0015/pargram/data/2Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2005j. ‘[Malagasy] Causatives & CONTROL’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR202. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~cpgl0015/pargram/data/2Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2005k. ‘Malagasy verbs of saying’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR205. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~cpgl0015/pargram/data/2Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2005l. ‘Malagasy roots with a passive meaning’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR301. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~cpgl0015/pargram/data/2Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2005m. ‘Malagasy roots without a passive meaning: A to H’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR302. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~cpgl0015/pargram/data/2Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2005n. ‘Malagasy roots without a passive meaning: K to Z’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR303. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~cpgl0015/pargram/data/2Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2005o. ‘Malagasy pronouns’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR206. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~cpgl0015/pargram/data/2Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2005p. ‘Malagasy prepositions’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR207. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~cpgl0015/pargram/data/2Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2006a. ‘Malagasy coordination’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR208. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/%7Ecpgl0015/pargram/1Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2006b. ‘Simple sentences in Malagasy’. In Chang, Henry Y., Lillian M. Huang, and Dah-an Ho (eds.): 2006, Streams Converging Into an Ocean. Festschrift in honor of professor Paul Jen-Kuei Li on his 70th birthday. (Language and linguistics monograh series W-5) Taipei, Taiwan; Academia Sinica, Institute of Linguistics 71-96

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2006c. ‘Grammatical Functions, Roots and Stems [in Malagasy] ’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR209. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/%7Ecpgl0015/pargram/1Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2007a. ‘Nominals in Malagasy ’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR210. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/%7Ecpgl0015/pargram/1Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2007b. ‘Adjectives & Adverbs in Malagasy ’. Verb-initial grammars: A multilingual/parallel perspective ESRC Project. Document ESRC-OX-05-CR210. University of Oxford, Centre for Philology, Linguistics & Phonetics, Oxford OX1 2HG, UK. http://users.ox.ac.uk/%7Ecpgl0015/pargram/1Frfirstpage.htm

Randriamasimanana, Charles. 2007c. ‘Malagasy control structures ’. Concentric: Studies in Linguistics, 33:2, pp 91-120.

Ranjivason, Jean Théodore. 1972. ‘Fiofanana momba ny teny malagasy: fitsipi-pitenenana ara-drafitra’. In Vankona, 28-31, pp 1-111.

Ranjivason, Jean-Théodore. 1985. Morpho-syntaxe du malgache. Formes prédicatives Sihanaka. Thèse de Doctorat du Troisième Cycle, Paris: Université de Paris VII.

Raoniarisoa, N.H. 1986. A Synchronic Phonology of Malagasy Vowels. Dissertation for the Degree of Master of Arts. University College of Wales, Bangor, United Kingdom. 87 pages.

Raoniarisoa, N.H. 1990. Accent and intonation in a Malagasy dialect. Thesis for Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. University of Wales, Bangor, UK. 303 pages.

Raoniarisoa, N.H. 1990. Collection de sonagrammes. University of Wales, Bangor, UK.

Rasoarinirina R. Rabarihoela, Malala. 2001. Evolution corrélative de la maîtrise des acquisitions langagières: Cas du malgache et du français. ]. Doctoral dissertation, Université Stendhal Grenoble III (France). [Lille, France: A.N.R.T. [Université de Lille III 2004].

Rasoloson, Janie 1995a. ‘Interjektionen im Kontrast - Am Beispiel der deutschen, madagassischen, englischen und französischen Sprache’. (Summary). In: H.-G. Roloff (ed.). Jahrbuch für Internationale Germanistik. Reihe B. Band 13. Germanistische Dissertationen in Kurzfassung. Verlag Peter Lang AG. Bern, Berlin, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 73-84.

Rasoloson, Janie 1995b. ‘Das deutsche "HM" und das madagassische "M": funktionale Differenzen bei formaler Gleichheit’. In: Ed.: C. Gnutzmann. Fremdsprachen Lehren und Lernen (FLuL): Kontrastivitt und kontrastives Lernen, 241-254.

Rasoloson, Janie 1997. Lehrbuch der Madagassischen Sprache. Helmut Buske Verlag.Hamburg, Germany.

Razafindrakoto. 1973. Malagasy ara-drafitra. Ezaka voalohany. Tananarive, Madagascar. Manuscript. 189 pages.

Razafintsalama, Joseph. 1928. La langue malgache, Vol. I ­ ‘Le fond initial du vocabulaire malgache’ (Etude de Vocabulaire). Texte ronéoté. Tananarive, Madagascar.

Razafintsalama, Joseph. 1929. La langue malgache et les origines malgaches. (Essai d'analyse linguistique). Texte ronéoté, Tananarive, Madagascar.

Reinhart, Tanya. 1983. Anaphora and Semantic Interpretation. Croom Helm. London, U.K. and Canberra, Australia. 223 pages. Reference to Malagasy on page 47.

Richardson, J. 1885. A New Malagasy-English Dictionary. Antananarivo, Madagasikara. The London Missionary Society. LIV-832 pages (reprinted by Gregg Press, Farnborough, UK. 1967).

Sabel, Joachim. 2001. ‘W-questions and Extraction Asymmetries in Malagasy’. Paper presented at AFLA 8, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Sabel, Joachim. 2003a. Malagasy as an optional multiple wh-fronting language. In: Boeckx, Cédric and Kleanthes K. Grohmann (eds.). Multiple wh-fronting. (Linguistik aktuell 64)Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins 229-254.

Sabel, Joachim. 2003b. ‘Wh-questions and extraction asymmetries in Malagasy’. In Rakowski, A. and N. Richards (eds.). Proceedings of AFLA VIII: the eighth meeting of the Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association. MIT working papers in linguistics 44.

Sakiyama, Osamu. 1992. ‘Madagasukaru no gengo no keisei ni tsuite - Shohogen no hikaku kara’. (Kyoto Daigaku Afurika Chiiki Kenkyu Senta Nenpo, vol.6, pp.17-18). [ English translation: Sakiyama, Osamu 1992. On the Formation of the Languages of Madagascar from the Comparative Point of view. Annual Report of the Center for African Area Studies. Kyoto University, Volume 6, pp 17-18.]

Schmidt, Bernd. 1988. Review of Randriamasimanana, C. The Causatives of Malagasy, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA 1986 in Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft und Kommunikationsforschung 41 (1988) 3: 403-405.

Schmidt, Bernd 1984. ‘Die Malgassisierung und das malagasy iombonana. Bilanz der Verwendung und Schaffung einer Nationalsprache’. In: Zeitschrift für Phonetik, Sprachwissenschaft und Kommunikationsforschung 57: 618-629.

Schmidt, Bernd 1986. ‘Zur Ausbildung einer madagassischen Literatursprache im 19. Jahrhundert’. In Linguistische Studien. Reihe A, 148: 240-251.

Schomerus-Gernbck, L. 1970. ‘Sprachaufnahmen bei den Mahafaly eine dringende Forschungsaufgabe in Madagaskar’. Bulletin of the International Committee on Urgent Anthropological and Ethnological Research 12: 95-117.

Schomerus-Gernbck, L. 1981. Die Mahafaly - Eine ethnische Gruppe im Sudwesten Madagaskars. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag.

Song, Jae Jung. 1988. Review of Randriamasimanana, C. The Causatives of Malagasy University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA 1986 in Australian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 8, N 2, December 1988. Pages 340-343.

Stark, Elsie. 1969. Malagasy without moans: A First Course in the Malagasy Language for English-Speaking Students. Tananarive, Madagascar. Trano Printy Loterana.

Thomas-Fattier, Dominique. 1982. Le dialecte Sakalava du Nord Ouest de Madagascar, Paris: SELAF.

Touratier, Christian. 1983. Définition du verbe: A propos de l'indonésien et du malgache. Series 1, Travaux du Cercle Linguistique d'Aix-en-Provence, Université de Provence, France. 222 pages.

Travis, Lisa. 1984. Parameters and Effects of Word Order Variation. Unpublished PhD dissertation. MIT, Cambridge, Mass. 284 pages.

Travis, Lisa. 1991. ‘Derived Objects, Inner Aspect, and the Structure of VP’. Paper presented at the North East Linguistics Society (NELS XXI), Department of Linguistics, University of Delaware.

Travis, Lisa. 1992. ‘Inner Aspect and the Structure of VP’. In Cahiers de Linguistique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada. 1/1.

Travis, Lisa. 1994. Event phrase and a theory of functional categories. Unpublished manuscript, Department of Linguistics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

Travis, Lisa. 1996. ‘Achievements and external theta-role assignment: Suggestive data from Malagasy and Tagalog’. Invited talk given at AFLA III (Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association) held at UCLA, Department of Linguistics, 27 April.

Travis, Lisa. 2003. ‘Agents and causes in Malagasy and Tagalog’. In Rakowski, A. and N. Richards (eds.). Proceedings of AFLA VIII: the eighth meeting of the Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association. MIT working papers in linguistics 44.

Tsimilaza, Alphonse 1981. Phonologie et Morphologie du Tsimihety. Thèse pour le Doctorat de Troisième Cycle de Phonétique. Université de Nancy II, 429 pages.

Velonandro, Editeur. 1983. Lexique des dialectes du nord de Madagascar. CeDRATOM (Centre de Documentation et de Recherche sur l'Art et les Traditions Orales au Centre Universitaire Régional, Tuléar-Madagascar et CeDRASEMI (Centre de Documentation et de Recherche sur l'Asie du Sud-Est et le Monde Insulindien) CNRS-EHESS, Valbonne-France.

Vérin, Pierre, Conrad Kottak et Peter Gorlin. 1969. ‘The glottochronology of Malagasy speech communities’. In Oceanic Linguitics, VIII, 1, pp 26-83. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii.

Voskuil, Jan . 1993. Abstract Case and Malagasy. Unpublished manuscript, McGill University/University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Webber, J. 1853-1855. Dictionnaire français-malgache et Dictionnaire malgache-français. 2 volumes. Ile Bourbon. 798 pages.

Weber, J. 1855. Grammaire malgache. Ile Bourbon (La Réunion). 118 pages.

White, Lydia, Travis, Lisa & MacLachlan, Anna. 1992. ‘The Acquisition of Wh-Question Formation by Malagasy Learners of English: Evidence for Universal Grammar’. In Canadian Journal of Linguistics Revue Canadienne de Linguistique, Downs-view, ON, Canada (CJL). Sept, 37:3, 341-68

Technical maintenance:
Jan Engh, University of Oslo Library (Oslo, Norway)

4 February 2008/JE